Electromagnetic remote control device



NOV- 5, 1940 E. A. DERUNGS 2,220,813

\ ELECTROMAGNETIC REMOTE CONTROL DEVICE Filed Aug. 11, 1959 s sheets-sheet 1 MaJ/O Nov. 5, 1940. E.. A. DERUNGS ELECTROMAGNETIC REMOTE CONTROL DEVICE Filed Aug. ll, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 frz #972210?? @y f M7 Zai/5 NOV. 5, 1940. E. A DERUNGS 2,220,813

ELECTROMAGNETIC REMOTE CONTROL DEVICE 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Aug. ll, 1959 @7M-7M? @ugs Patented Nov. ,19x40 ELECTROMAGNETIO REMOTE CONTROL DEVICE Ernest Alphonse Derungs, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France Application August 11, 1939, Serial No.`289,709

in s

15 claims.

This invention relates. to electromagnetic control devices.

In the devices employed for the remote control of members of machines it is frequently necessary to be able to control with an absolute certainty two successive movements by means of a single operation and to afterwards ensure the return to the original positions which preceded the said operation, within a time depending of the characteristics and of the operation of the machine.

Particularly the case is occurring for the changes of speed combined with a release of the clutch, as for instance in change speed gears, when changing a reduction ratio between a driven machine and its motor,` which change is accompanied by a release of the clutch.

The object of the present invention is to create an electromagnetic control device ensuring on the one hand exactly the required efforts for such operations in the strictly fixed order for the succession of the movements, and on lthe other hand the return to normal operating conditions of the machine in a predetermined time which can be made adjustable.

According to the present invention the control device comprises at least two electromagnets, principal and secondary, having armatures formed by movable plunger cores the attraction strokes of which are unequal and which are coupled with each other so as to be capable of moving together and relatively one with respect to the'other, and so that when the electromagnets arek excited, the principal core drives the secondary core until the end of its own stroke, .and then the secondary core alone continues its movement of attraction.

Preferably two electromagnets having their plunger cores coupled together, are mounted in a same cylindrical body. their movable cores being connected by a central rod which is disposed in such manner that the core of the principal magnet drives the core of the secondary magnet until the end of its proper stroke and then the core of the secondary magnet is abandoned to. itself until the end o its stroke, the connections of the two, cores .being such that. when excitation of the core of the secondary magnet is maintained and this core is held in its attracted position, it also maintains the core of the principal magnet in vthe attracted position, even when the coil of this latter magnet has been deenergized.

y V The accompanying`l drawings show by way of witzerland August 18, 1938 (Cl. TIS-335) example a preferred form of embodiment ci the invention and a modification thereof.

Fig. 1 is an axial section of a control device with two electromagnets;

Fig. 2 is a partial axial section in a plane displaced at 90 with `respect to the plane of section of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section according to the line III- III of Fig. 1; y

Fig. 4 is a section corresponding to that of Fig. l, but representing the device in another position of operation; g

Figs. 5 and 6 show modifications of parts of the device;

Fig. 7 is a diagram of the electrical connections of an electromagnetically operated change speed gear in which the control device according to the invention is used;

Fig. 8 is a similar diagram for an electromagnetically operated change speed gear making use of a modied control device;

Figs. 9, 10 and 11 show diagrammatially the modified control device in three different operating positions.

The control device represented in Figs. 1 to 6 is destined to the control of a change speed gear of a motor vehicle and of its clutch. It comprises two supporting plates l carried bythe chassis of the vehicle and on Whichjs fixed by welding or otherwise a cylindrical body enclosing two electromagnets disposed in axial alignment. The lower or principal electromagnet Acomprises a winding 3, a fixed core 4 and a movable plunger core or armature 5. The upper or secondary electromagnet comprises two windings 6 and 6', disposed one within the other, a fixed core 'I and a movable plunger core or armature 8. The two movable cores have unequal strokes and are disposed around a central rod 9 freely traversing the xed cores 4 and 1 and the movable core 5, and being screwed into the movable core 8./ The lower end of the rod 9 carries a head l0 on which bears the core 5 when the secondary core l is at the end of its attracting stroke (Fig. 4).- The centering of the movable core 5 is obtained, on the one hand, by a small steel ring Ilv fixed in a supporting ring I2 and, on the other hand, by the guiding of the rod 9 in the fixed core 4, and the centering of the movable core I is-ensured by the portion of the rod 9 traversing the ilxed core 1. The rod 9 is preferably made of an antimagnetic metal, so as not to influence the magnetic eld of the windings of the electromagnets. which could disturb the correct operation of thepiunger cores. f

The exterior end-,of the movable core 5 is provided with a transverse cavity I5. In the two lateral cheeks of this cavity are riveted journals I6 carrying two small connecting rods I1 which support an axis I8, on which is articulated on of the ends of a lever I9. This latter is pivoted on an axis which is carried by the supporting plates I and its other end forms laI fork 2l engaging one end of a rod 22 the other end of which'carrying a piston 23 which can move in a closed cylinder 24. The rod 22 is provided with a longitudinal slot 25 through which passes the central rod V9 interconnecting the two movable cores.

The front end of the cylinderr24 is provided with an opening 26- of small diameter communicating with the atmosphere and the cross sectional area of which may be varied by adjusting means not shown. The piston .23 can be provided with small holes 21 and carry a valve disk 28 having a small play in the direction of movement ofthe piston, so that when the piston moves towards the opening 26 in Fig, 4, the disk 28 closes the holes 21, andwhen it moves in opposite direction the holes 21, open and establish a. communication between the two sides of the cylinder, separated by the piston.

'The lever I9 is providedwith a curved cam surface 29 on which bears a lever 30 with a plane cam surface 3|, this lever being mounted on an axis 32 carried by the supporting plates I. On

I this axis 32 there is xed another lever 33 which is connected to a rod-34 capable of actuating a third lever 35 rigid with a shaft 36 which controls the usual clutchdisposed between-the motor of the vehicle and the change speed gear. The rod 34'is provided with a journal 31 on which Ais mounted a cylindrical slide 38 the two ends of which are introduced inthe circular opening of a fork 39 of the lever` 33. Iwo springs 40 and 4I are interposed, at each side of the slide 38, be-

tween two adjustable stops 42^rigid with the rod,

and two washers 43, loose on the rod andl bearing 'screwed two journal screws 45 on which are articulated two. levers 46 xed on the other hand.Y

on4 a shaft 41 which transmits the movement im'- parted to 'it bythe attraction of the core 8 to a not represented selector actuating the change.

speed gear. A portion of the length Aof this shaft 41 is of relatively weak cross section, in order to be capable o f an elastic deformation bytorsion,

sufficient to absorb reactions which may be encountered in the transmission of the movementof the core, if for example a' jamming is produced inthe change speed gear. .The operation of the described device is. as

follows: Upon excitation of the electromagnets4 which, in the case of the applicationl of the devicel to `a motorvehic'le, are preferably simultaneously excited, the two movable cores are attracted towards their fixed cores. 'I'he lower electromagnet being more powerful, the core 5 is'4 attracted with the greater force and it drives the core 8 by the intermediary of the small connectl ing rods I1, of the cam lever I9 acting on the cam lever 38, and of the rod 9 the head III of which is position indicated in Fig. 4.

is provided with holes 21 as in the represented4 resting on the back of the lever 30. When the core 5 has a'rrived at the end, of its attracting stroke, the core 8 has moved through about two thirds of its proper stroke; this core as well-as the levers I9 and 30 occupyingthen the positions indicated in dash and dot lines in Fig. l. The lever I9 has displaced the piston 23 towards-the right end of the cylinder 24, and the lever 30, by the intermediary of the lever 33 ofthe slide 38, of the rod 34 and of the lever 3 5, has produced the re'- leaseof the clutch.

Itis seen that owing to the two cam surfaces 29 and 3l, rolling one on the other, the lever I9 -actsfirst with a small lever arm on a great arm of the lever 30an'd that, while the attracting movement of the core 5 proceeds, the ratio of ltransmission changes, the lever arm with which acts the lever 'I9 increases, while the length'of the driven' lever arm 30 decreases. The torque transmitted by' the levers I9 -and 30 during the attracting nio-vement of the core 5 accordingly decreases, but the force of attraction acting on the 'motable core 5 rapidly increases when this 'core lapproaches 'the fixed core. By means of ajudicious determination of the cam surfaces 29 and. 3|, and of the spacing of the axes of the levers I9 and- 30', comlbined with a very high magnetic saturation of the electromagnet, it is possible to obtain-'that the. torque transmitted by the two levers I9 and 30 remains sensibly constant from the beginning until towardsthe end of the attractive movement' 'of the movable core5, and that the torque is perfectly adapted to the resistance to be overcome for releasing the clutch. The transmission device formed by the two cam levers -thereforeI constiytutes, a device for varying the speed and the torque. The magnetic saturation ofthe electromagnets can be such that the forces of attraction .at the beginning and at the end of the attractive movement of the movable core have a ratio of vthe order of magnitudeof 1/10.

During this-movement of attraction the piston 23 has been moved towards the right into the When this piston example, the movement of the piston has no effect on the transmission of movement bythe levers I9 and 30. However, when the holes are very small orno holes at all are provided, it is possible to adjust the opening 28 to the atmos phere -in such manner that the air can enter the cylinder 24 only with a certain I ag'wltli respect to the movement of the piston, so that a partial vacuum is' formed on the left side of the piston, this vacuum acting as brake for the movement 4of the piston, and accordingly also for the transmission of the movement to the members 85 and 41 controlling the release of the clutchl and the change of speeds.

When the core 5 arrives at'the end of its stroke,

'it abuts against thelxed core 4, and the upper core 8 alone continues its movement of attraction,-

together with the rod I9 until the end' of its proper stroke. mitted b y the intermediary of the -levers 48 to the shaft 41 connected to the control member of the ychange speed gear, which member maybe constituted for exampleby a selector such Vas described in th'e copending application Ser. No.

131,719. ,During the rst period of the move- 4ment of attraction of the core 8; when it moves The movement of the core 8 ls trans-V l the engaging movement.

ing that the release of the clutch be made. 'I'his release is vobtained when the core 5 has arrived at the end of its stroke; then the core 8 alone continues to advance and further rotation of the shaft 41 moves the selector to produce the desired change of gears in the change speed box of the vehicle.

As soon as this change is effected, the circuits of the two electromagnets are cut, in a manner which will be described later, and the two movable cores can return to their positions of rest under the action of the springs of the clutch and leventually under the action of springs which the selector may possess. The device for varying the speed and the couple, formed by the two'levers `l9 and 30, acts now in reverse direction. Under the action of the springs of the clutch, the lever 30 is brought from the position indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1 to the position in full lines,

and thus restores the lever I9 and the piston 23 j to their positions of rest as indicated in full lines. The lever 30 iirst acts with a small lever arm on a great lever arm oi the lever I9 and, owing to the rolling of the cam surface 3l along the cam surface 29, the length of the lever arm 30 increases and that of the lever arm i9 decreases. The same angle of movement of the lever 30 causes therefore a steadily growing angle of movement of the lever I9 and the speed of the piston 23 returning from its position of Fig. 4 to that of Fig. l, tends to increase. But the opening 26 of the cylinder 24 is adjusted so that the air 'can only slowly escapa. and the piston, while advancing, compresses the air in the cylinder which acts as brake of the movement of the piston; the more the piston tends to increase its speed, that is to say towards the end of the return movement of the cores, the more the braking becomes effective. This return movement corresponds to engagement of the clutch, and the manner of braking obtained in the cylinder 24 is precisely adapted to In the beginning of lthe movement the braking is little effective and towards the end of the movement, when the friction-disks of the clutch begin to enter in contact, the braking is increased andsecures a soft engagement without Jshocks.

The stroke of attraction of the movable core 5, producing the disengagement ofl the clutch, is effected against the action of the springs of the clutch which are compressed during this stroke of attraction. The force of attraction acting on the core 5 must naturally overcome the resistance of the springs of the clutch until the disengagement is effected. Once the disengagement is made, theresistance of these-springs could become too great and prevent the movable core 5 from arriving at the end of its attractive stroke. In order to avoid this, the spring rod 34 and the springs 40 and 4I provide a yielding connection between the cam lever 30 and the lever 35 controlling rthe clutch. When the resistance of the springs of the clutch passes beyond a certain value, the lever 35 and the rod 34 remain stationary and the slide 38 moves alone against the action of the spring 48 until the movable core- 5 arrives at the end of the stroke. The spring 40 constitutes therefore alimiting device of the couple of disengagement.

If the electric current would fail, or i?, for en other reason, the driver of the vehicle does not desire to make use of the electromagnetic control, he can effect the disengagement and the change of speed .by means` of a pedal exerting a traction on the cable .44. The lever 35 moves and proback of the cam lever 30, abuts against the bottom of the cavity I5'of this core. It had been seen that during the electromagnetic control, the cam lever 38 arrived in the position indicated in full lines in Fig. 4 in which the plane cam surface 3| is approximately perpendicular to the axis of the electromagnets. Since, during the control by the cable 44, it is the cam lever 30 which must drive the movable core 8 to the end of its stroke, in order that this latter completely actuates the shaft 41 moving the selector of the change speed gear, this lever 30 must be moved further than when thel cores are attracted byenergization of the electromagnets; the lever 30 is moved by the lever 33Ato the position indicated in dash and dot lines in Fig. 4, in which it has pushed the rod 9 until the head I0 abuts against the core 5. The lever 35 controlling the disengagement must therefore move through a greater angle when it is actuated by the cable 44 than when it ls controlled by the movable core 5.

In order not t0 prevent that the lever 35 may continue to turn under the action of the cable 44, even when the lever has arrived at the end of its stroke, the rod 34 carries the second spring 4l. When the lever 38 cannot move further and the slide 38 is blocked, the lever 35 and the rod 34 move alone while compressing the spring 4l. This spring limits the effort exerted by the cable 44 on the members which produce the passage of the speeds, and when, by any reason whatever, a speed could not pass and the movable core 8 not advance till the end of its stroke, and the slide would be blocked, the action of the cable 44 canl continue just the same' by simply compressing the spring 4I.

Fig. 5 shows a modication of the manner of coupling the two movable cores 5 and 8. The coupling rod of the two cores is made of two parts 9a and 9b screwed one into the other. The part 9b freely traverses the core 8, 'and a spring 48, disposed between the bottom of the core 8 and the part 9a of the rod, constantly tends to apply the core'against a stop 49 at the upper end of vthe part 9b. When for any reason whatever a passage of a speed-cannot be made and the core 8 could not move until the end of its stroke, the core 5 could advance just the same for effecting the disengagement, while' compressing the spring 48.

In the modification of Fig. 6 the lever 30 hav= ing the plane cam surface 3l is provided with an arm 50 having a slot 5| in which is engaged the pin 52 of an attached piece 53 capable of sliding along the arm 50. An extension 54 of the lever 38 is traversed by a screw 55 capable of turning in the extension but which is prevented from moving axially with respect to the extension, by means of two collars 56 and 51. 'I'his screw 55 screws into a nut 58 formed on the movable piece 53. By screwing or unscrewing the screw 55 by means of a manipulating wrench, the piece 53 slides with respect to the arm 5U, whereby thel l member with respect to the stroke of the core 6.

^ of a motor vehicle.

Aof a change speed gear, and which comprises four electromagnets 62, 63, 66 and 66 each Vof which controls a member capable ot effecting a change of speed when it has lbeen placed in an active position by the excitation of its electromagnet and when the device 66, after having been excited, moves the selector 6|. trol of the electrical circuits is obtained by means oi a. commutator 66. This commutator comprises a group of four contacts-61, a group o! four double contacts 66 and 66', which correspond to the three forwards speeds I, II and III, and to the reverse speed R, and a simple contact 69 corresponding to the neutral position of the change speed gear. These contacts can be connected in circuit by a movable contact 16carried by the operating member of the commutator and capable of moving along the zig-zag line 1I. In the position of rest, this movable contact is between two groups of vcontacts as represented and does not establish any circuit.

Supposingthat the change speed gear is in neutral position and that it is desired to switch in the first speed. The movable contact,16 is then between the contact 66 and the contact 61 as represented in dotted lines in the diagram. This movable contact is then moved towards the left on the contact 61. The following circuit is then established: Positive. pole, conductor 12, movable contact 16,l contact 61, conductor 16, relay 16, ground. The excitation of the relay 16 produces .the closure-of the two contacts 15. 'I'he movement of the movablecontact 16 continues and it arrives now on the two contacts 66 and 66' corresponding to thesp'osition I. Then the following circuits are established:

(a) Positive pole, conductor 12, movable contact 16, contact 66, conductor 16, electromagnet 66, conductor 11, contacts 15, ground;

auxiliary commutator 62, conductor 63, winding 6'A of the core 6, ground.

The excitation of the relay 19 has caused the closure of the two contacts 66 whereby the following circuit is established: Positive pole, conductor 66, contacts 66, winding 6 of the principal core 5, conductor 11, contacts-16, ground. 'I'he three windings 6," 6 and 6' of the electromagnetic device 66 and one of the electromagnets ot the Asele'ctor 6l have been simultaneously excited at the moment where the relay |16, by the closure of the contact 16, has established the connection to the ground -of the respective circuits. The movable cores 6 and 6 of the electromagnetic device are attracted, and as it had been described above, the core 6 produces. the release of the clutch and starts the movement of the selector 6I, eventually until the wheelscorresponding to the desired speed begin their mutalengagement, then the core 6 has arrived at the end of 4its stroke and the core 6 alone continues its movement and finishes the engagement of the wheels.

When the selector 6I has arrived at the end of its stroke, it bears by its abutment 66 against that one of the contacts 16 which had been moved by the relay 16 and produces the separation oi thetwo contacts 16vwhereby the circuits of the relay 19 and accordingly of the winding 3 and of the 'electromagnet 66 of the selector are opened.

Whenthe -driver of the vehicle now releases the movable contact 16 of the commutator, this conV tact returns in one of its intermediary positions and the `connection o! the contacts 66 and 66' with the positive pole of the source of current is i cut. also cut andthe two movable cores 6 and 6 return to their positions of rest, the selector 6i also returns to its .position oi rest and the clutch engages.

this case the core 6 remains in its attracted position and also maintains the core 6 in its position of attraction. The engagement of the clutch does accordingly not occur until the driverreleases the movable contact 16 of the commutator.

When the driver moves the movable contact 16 from an intermediary position directly on two contacts 66 and 66', without passing rst over one of the contacts 61, the relay 16 is not excited` and the Vcircuits of the winding 3 and of the electromagnet of the selector 6I corresponding t0 the position of the movable contact are not closed.

However, the windings 6 and 6 of the core 6 are' excited because they are directly connected to the ground. But this excitation has no effect on the cores 5 and 6, as the current passing through these windings istoo feeble to produce an attraction of the cores. 'I'he two windings 6 and 6 can only maintain or extend the state of attraction of the two cores when the'se latter have previously been brought into their positions of attraction by the simultaneous excitation of the windings -6 and 6, 6', but they alone cannot move the cores out of their position of rest.

The two windings 6 and 6 can be connected in series or in parallel for the purpose of lvarying the effect of attraction acting on the core 6 according to the needs. oiA the two windings is effected by means of the The change ot connection auxiliary commutator 62 which comprises two pairs of contacts 61 and 66 capable of being connected alternately to the conductors 6I and 66. The contacts 66 are connected between themselves, while one of the contacts 61 is connected to the contacts 66 and the other to the ground. In the represented position the current passes from a contact 66' through the conductor 66 to the winding 6, and through the conductor 61,'

the'contacts 66, the conductor 63, to the winding 6 which is connected to the ground. The windings are therefore connected in series. In the second position of the commutator 6 2 the circuit is cut at the'contacts 66 and closed at the contacts 61. tact 66', on the one hand through the conductor 66 to the winding 6 and throughv the conductor 6I the contact 61 and the conductor 69 to the ground, and, on the other hand, through the conductor 96, the contact 61, the conductor 66 to the winding `6 and from there to the ground. In this-case, the two 4windings are connected in par- The current ot the windings 6 and 6' is The current passes now from the con- 'circuit is interrupted, but the contacts 15 con- A control lamp 9| is lighted each time the movable contact 10 passes onftwocontacts 68 and 68 n and indicates the passage of the speed corresponding to the position of the movable contact.

In the modification ofthe control device as shown in Figs. 8 to l1 the two cores 5 and 8 are coupled in the same manner as in Figs. l to 4, so as to be capable of moving together and relatively one with respect to the other. The core 5 of the principal electromagnet is supposed to be connected, as described before, to the clutch of the motor vehicle, and the core 8 of the secondary electromagnet is connected to the selector 6|, by the intermediary of which are effected the changes of speed. For the reason of simplicity, the core 5 is represented as being rigid with an extension 95 provided with a slot 96, into which penetrates the lower end .of the rod 9 which is rigid with the core 8 and carries at its upper end a contact piece 91. To each core 3 and 5 correspond two windings 3, 3' and 6, 6' respectively, capable of being connected to a source of current or a battery 98. The contact piece 91 cooperates with iive fixed contacts 99, 99', |00, |0| and |05 s o as to connect either the contacts 99 and 99' withthe contacts |00 and |05, or the contact 99 with the contact |0|, but the length ofthe contact piece 91 is slightly less than the spacing of the two contacts and |0|, so that these two contacts cannot be connected together.

The selector 6I comprises again four windings 62,63, 64 and 65 each of which'controls amember capable of effecting a change of speed when it has been placed in an active position by the excitation of its winding, and when the excited core 8 moves the selector 6|. The control of the electrical circuits of the electromagnetic device with the cores and 8, and of the selector 6 is obtained by means of a commutator 66 which is identical to .that described with respect to Fig. 7. The movable contact 10 of this commutator is connected by the intermediary of the conductor 12 and of a manually operated switch |02 placed on the dash board of the vehicle, to the positive pole of the battery 98. This commutator Ycomprises'a group of four con-tact pieces 81, a group of four double contact pieces 68 and 68' corresponding to the three forward speeds I, II, III and to the reverse speed R, and a simple contact piece 69 corresponding to the neutral position of the change speed gears. The movable contact 10 can move .along the zig-zag line 1| so as to pass alternatively thetwo` switches 02 and |02' have been closed.

When the movable contact 10arrive's on the contact piece 61, the following circuit is established: y

Positive pole of the battery 98, conductor 12, contact'10,lcontact piece 61, conductor 13, relay 14, conductor |03, winding*` 6', conductor 8| switch 88 of the auxiliary commutator 82, conductor 83, winding 6, negative pole of the battery 98. This circuit produces the excitation of the' relay 14 which closes the`contacts15, but the current after having traversed the relay 1I is too feeble to attract the core 8. When the movement of the ,movable contact 10 is continued, the above cited serve their position of closure.

When the contact 10 arrives on the contact pieces 68 and 68 corresponding to the first speed, the following circuits are established:

(a) Positive pole of the battery 98, conductor 12, Contact 10, contact piece 68', conductor 18, relay 19, conductor 12, cont-act 10contact piece 68', conductor 18, relay 19, conductor 11, contacts 15, conductor |04, negative pole of the battery 98.

(b) Positive pole of the battery 98, conductor 12, contact 10, contact piece 68, conductor 16, winding 63, conductor 11, contacts 15, conductor i04, negative pole.

The circuit (a) excites the relay 19 which produces the closure of the switches 84 and 84', while the circuit (b) excites the winding 63 which produces the movement of a member effecting the engagement of the first speed of the change speed gear of 'the vehicle when the selecto-r 6| has been moved.

The closure o1? the switches 84 and 84' establishes the following circuit: Positive pole, conductor 85, switches 88 and 84', and fro-m there the current passes, on the one hand through the winding 3 and, on the other hand, to the contact 99, the piece 91, the contact |00 and the winding 3', to the conductor 11, and through the contact and the conductor i0@ to the negative pole. The two windings 3 and 3 of the core 5 are excited, ancl the attraction of the core 5 is eiected with a considerable force producing the disengagement.

Before the excitation of the windings 3 and 3' E00, placing the winding 3' under tension but the contact |0| is not connected and the windings of the secondary core do not `receive current.

At the end of the movement of attraction of the core 5 the movable cores of the electromagnetic deviceare in the position represented in Fig. 10. The rod 9 with the core 8 and the contact piece 91 have participated at the movement of the core 5 and at the end of this movement the contact piece 91 has abandoned the contact |00 and has entered into contact with the contact piece |01. During this rst movement of the two cores, the selector, which is coupled with the rod 9 rigid with the core 8, has been moved but withI an `insufcient movement to produce the engagement of the gears corresponding to the rst speed. From the end oi the movement of attraction of the core 5 thev winding 3'r does not more receive current, but the winding`3 which is always fed `through the switch 8E, vsufiices to maintain the core 5 in its position of attraction and thus to conserve the disengagement. The contact |0|, cooperating now with the contact piece 91 establishes the following circuit:

Positive pole of the battery 98, conductor 85, switches 84', contact 99, contact piece 91, contact IUI, conductor |03, winding 6', conductor 8|, switch 88 of the auxiliary commutator 82, conductor 83,- winding 6, negative pole. The two windings 6 and 6' are excited and thecore 8 moves along its path of attraction, the end of therod 9 penetrating into the slot 96 moving y from the lower end of this slot until its upper end', and the iinal position of the core 8 is represented in Fig. 11. This movement of the core 8 has produced a supplemental advance of the s'electo-r 8| and the'gearslcorresponding to the rst speed have been engaged.

When 'the selector 8| arrives at the end of .its

, advance stroke an abutment 88 with which it is A nected in series, and whenthe two contacts' 8'1 provided bears against a lever arm of that one of the contacts '18, which is controlled'by the relay 18 and produces theseparation of the two contacts 15. This 'separation results in the break of the circuit of the relay 19; the switch 88 opens and cuts the excitation :circuits of the windings 3, 8 and 6', so that the twocores 5 and 8 return to their original positions; the selector.

8| also returns t'o its position of rest and the motor is engaged, the vehicle nowv running in first speed.

It is seen that owing to the commutation device constituted by the movable contact piece 91' and the three xed contacts 99, |99 and |9|,A the consumption of current is reduced with respect to that required in the device according to Figs.'

1|.to 4 for eiecting the same operations, since as soon as the principal core'8 has arrived at the end of its stroke of attraction, a portion of its 1., winding is cut out of circuit, while the portion" of the winding which is maintained excited consumes only the necessary current to conserve the disengagement of the clutch.

The auxiliary commutator 82 4serves to cnnect the two windings 8 and 8 either in parallel or in series, for the purpose of varying the effect of attraction' acting on the core 8 according to -the needs.

When thetwo contacts 88 of this commutator, which are connected between themselves, connect the conductors 8| and 83 one to the other, thetwo windings 8 and 8' are conare closed and the contacts 88 open, the windings are connected in parallel.

-Two supplementary switches i98- and |91 are,

connected, the -rst between the conductor 12 leading to the positive pole oi' the battery 98 and the conductor 18 leadingto the relay 18, and the second between the conductor 12 and aconductor |98 which arrives at the contact |98. On

-the other hand, the rcontact 99' i's connected by the conductor |99 to the conductor 18 leading to the relay 19. 'Ihese switches are both connected to a single actuating member so that, when this actuating member is moved in the direction' of closure, the switch |98 closesflrst, and when the movement of the control member continues in the same direction, the switch |81 closes a mo-4 be maintained closed. When the movable contact 19 has been placed on one oi' the 'double contact pieces 88, 88' and the selector 8| has advanced for engaging the nears correspondingto the chosen speed. the circuits of the windings oi' the cores 8 and 8 as well as that corresponding to the winding 82. 88, 88 or 8.8 of the speed which has been engaged, are opened at thecontacts 18 which have been separated by the abutment 88.

But the maintenance of the'closure of the switch |88 establishes the following circuit: Positive pole of the battery 88, conductor 12, switch |88, relay 18, conductor |98, winding 8', conductor 8|, contacts 88, conductor 88. winding 8, nega.-

, engagement of the clutch by maintaining the -the switch |91 the relay 18 therefore is excited and 'n'rst speed, and to engagethe corresponding tive pole. 'The windings o! the core 8 are fed across the winding of the relayl 18 with a current which sufilces to maintain-the two cores 8 and 8- in their position of attraction and to thus conserve the disengagement of the clutch, .The driver of the vehicle is therefore able. by operating the control member of the commutator 88, to effect a change of speed and, followingA this change, maintain for any desired'time the discontrol member in the position corresponding to the closure of the switch |98, the engagement bcingproduced only when the conductor releases lthe operating member, which results in the opening of the switch |98 under the effect of the 18 spring,'as -mentioned above, and in the rupture of the circuit of the relay 418.

'I'he closure'oi' the switch |81 can also be obtained by an appropriatemovement of the control member ofthe commutator 88; This closure will be effected when -for anyA reason one must disengage the motor when the vehicle is nmning 4and it can only be effected after the previous closure of the switch '|98. Upon 'the closure of has producedthe closure of the two contacts 18. The following circuit will now be established:

'Positive pole of the battery 88, conductor 12, I

switch |91-, conductor |98, contacts [88, 81 and 99', conductor |98, relay 18,4 conductor 11, contacts 18, conductor |88, negativel poley'There- 'lay is-clos'esthe switch u and the windingv of the core 8 is excited, whereby the attraction of the c'ore 8 and the disengagement of.` the clutch is produced. At the end Iof thc movement of at traction of the'core -8 the commutation -device '91 controls the excitation oi' the core 8, as it had been described above, and the selector' 8| is advanced: but.since 'the contact 18 of the commutator 88 'has not been moved. this movement of the selector has no other eiect and the speed which corresponds to the -position ofthe contact y 19 remains engaged.

When for example the vehicle rims in third speed and one desires to place the change 'speed gear into neutral, one must move the movable contact 418 of the commutator 88 from the contact pieces 88. 88',vcorresponding tothe position III, to the contact piece 88.- In order to'avoid. 'while effecting this control, to successively pass through the second and through the third speed,

one can close the switch |81, which produces the disengagement of the motor and maintains the cores 8 and 8 in their respective'positions of attraction, and then move the movable contact 18 on the contact piece 88: in this manner it is avoided to actuate the selector 8| each time whenl the movable contact 18 passes the contact pieces 88, 88' corresponding to the second and to the gears. A y

It is seen that the circuit controlled!!! the `switch |81 can. only be closedbetwecn the conam u' and m when the con s ofthe um' magnets is 'in aposition adjacent to its position of rest and when the movable contact 81 is at'.

the lower end o! its stroke; This avoids an un'-A necessary discharge of the' batteri when the driveatterhavingonapositionof speed. forgets .to bring the common actuating 7o member of theswitches |88 and1|81 and ofthe v commutator' back to median -In the represented example the reduction of vtheconsumptionoi' currentisobtainedbycnt tingaportionoftlie windingoitheprincipaiu ISISr core 5 out of circuit. It 'will be naturally also possible to realize this reduction oi' consumption by connecting the winding of this core in series with another winding or with a resistance.

It is an essential object of the movable contact 91 to ensure a sufficient stroke for the release of the clutch before beginning the passage' of the speeds, and a correct order of succession of the releasing movement and of the movement of the passage of the speeds, or of the movements oi theprimary core and of the secondary core.

It should be understood that the present disclosure is for the purpose of illustration only and that various changes and modifications may be made in the details of structure and in the connections of parts Without departing from the spirit of the invention and which fau within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. Electromagnetic means for controlling the movement of members to be driven in a predetermined order, comprising primary and secondary coils, primary and secondary movable cores,

each core being connected to one of the members to be driven, a coupling rod interconnecting the two movable cores, said coupling rod being secured to the secondary core and being movable together with and'relatively to the primary core,'means for simultaneously connecting in circuit both said coils, and means for maintaining excitation of the secondary 'coil while the primary coil is de-energized whereby said coupling rod secured to the secondary core maintains the primary core in attracted position as long as the secondary core is energized.

2. Electromagnetic means :l'or controlling the movements oi' members to be driven, comprising a primary coil, a secondary coil, -primary and secondary cores movable within said coils, a cou- .pling rod secured to the secondary core and connected to the primary core for movement with the core and relative thereto, each core being operatively connected to one of the members to be driven, a mechanical movement transmission device interposed between the primary core and the member to bedriven thereby and adapted to transmit the movement of the primary core with variable speed and torque, andfiuid pumping means connected to said movement transmission 'device and acting as brake for the movement of the primary core.

3. Electromagnetic means f or controlling the movements of members to be driven, comprising axially aligned primary and secondary coils, primary and secondary armature cores movable within said coils, a coupling rod axially traversing said cores and connecting the cores for movement togetherl and relatively one with respect to the other, each core-being operatively connected .to one of the members to be driven, a first movement transmission lever connected to the primary core, a second transmission lever connected to the member to be driven, said two levers being provided with coacting cam surfaces adapted to -vary the transmission ratio between the primary core and the memberv to be driven thereby, and

a fluid pumpingdeviceconnected to said ilrst ying primary and secondary axially aligned coils,

primary and secondary armature cores movable within said coils, an axially extending coupling rod for interconnecting said cores, said coupling rod being yieldingly secured to the secondary core and slidably traversing the primary core, and an abutment on said coupling rod cooperating with the primary core to hold thek primary core in its attracted position as long as the secondary core is held in attracted position owing to energization of the secondary coil.

5, An electromagnetic control device comprising primary .and secondary axially aligned coils, primary and secondary armature cores movable in said coils, a coupling rod secured to the secondary core and slidably traversing the primary core, an abutment carried by said coupling rod and coacting with the primary core to permit successive movement oi attraction o! the twol cores and to hold the primary core in attracted position as long as the secondary core is held in attracted position, electric circuits connected to said coils, the secondary coil comprising two coil portions, and switching means in the circuit o! the secondary coil for connecting the two coil portions in series or in parallel.

6. An electromagnetic power transmitting device comprising primary and secondary coils, primary and secondary armature cores movable in said coils, coupling means for interconnecting said cores to be movable together and relatively to each other, means for connecting each core to a member to be actuated upon energization of the coils, and mechanically operable means adapted to act on the means connecting the primary core to the member to be actuated for substituting eliectromagnetic operation of said member by mechanical operation.

7. An electromagnetic power transmission device ior actuating two members to loe driven, comprising primary and secondary coils, primary and secondary armaturecores movable in said coils, means for connecting the secondary coreA to one of the members to be driven, a movement transmission lever connected to the primary core, a second transmission le`ver, a torque limiting device connected to said second lever and to the other of the members to be driven, said two levers being provided with coacting cam surfaces adapted to transmit power from said primary core with varying ratio of transmissionto the member to be driven, and coupling means to interconnecting said two armature cores to be movable together and relatively to each other.

. 8. An electromagnetic control device comprising axially aligned primary and secondary coils, primary and secondary armature cores movable in said coils, an axially extending coupling rod connecting the two cores to be movable together and relatively one to the other, said coupling rod beingsecured to the secondary core and movable relatively to the primary ,core whereby the movement of attraction of the primary core is transmitted-by the coupling rod to the secondary core and movement of attraction of the secondary core is effected relatively tothe primary core,

`electric circuits connected to said coils, and a commutating device'controlling said circuits and actuated by the movement of attraction of the two cores to close the circuit of the secondary coil when the primary core approaches the end of its stroke of attraction. y K

9. An electromagnetic control device comprising axially aligned primary and secondary coils, primary and secondary armature cores movable in said coils, an axially extending coupling rod connecting the two cores to be movable together and relatively one to the other, said coupling rod being secured to the secondary core and movable -mitt'ed by thevcoupling rod to the secondarycore and movement of attraction of the secondary core is effected relatively to the primary core, electric circuits connected to said coils, and a commutating device controlling said circuits and actuated by theA movement of attraction of the two cores to close thecircuit of the secondary coil when lthe primary core approaches the end of its stroke of attraction, and to reduce the consumption of current of the primary coil upon completion of the stroke of attraction of the primary core.

10. Electromagnetic means for controlling two members to be driven comprising primary and secondary axially aligned coils, primary and secondary armature cores within said coils, coupling means operatively connecting the two cores 'whereby the movement of attraction of the primary core is transmitted to the secondary coreand movement of attraction 4of the secondary core is effected relatively to 'the primary core, electric circuits connected to said'coils, a commutating device controlling said circuits, means for connecting.; the primary core to o ne of the members to driven, means for connecting 'the secondary.' core to the other member to be driven, means movable with said second, mentioned member` 'to be driven for cutting said circuits upon completion of the stroke of attraction of the secondary core, an electric circuit for bridgingthe point of rupture of the circuits of the two-coils, .a switch in saidA electric circuit,

, completion of the stroke of attraction oi' the sec-- said switch 'upon being closed at the end of the stroke of attraction of the secondary coil pei'- mitting a feeble current 'to pass through the secondary coil to maintain the coil excited whereby the secondary core maintains the primary core "in its position of attraction by the intermediary of said coupling means. I

11. Electromagnet means for controlling two members to be'driven comprising/primary and secondary axially aligned coils, primary and secondary amature cores within said coils, coupling meansl operatively connecting the two cores whereby the movement of attraction of the primary core is transmitted to the secondary core and movement of attraction of the :secondary core is effected relatively to the. primary core,

electric circuits connected to said coils. a commutating device controlling said-circuits, means for connecting the primary coreto one oi the membersto be driven, means for. connecting the secondary core to the other member to be driven, means movable with s'aid second mentioned member4 to be driven for .cutting said. circuits upon ondary'core, lan electric circuitlfor bridging the point of rupture of .the `circuits of the two coils, a switch in said electric circuit, said switch upon being'closed at the end of. the stroke of attraction of the secondary core permitting a feeble current to pass through the secondary coil to .maintain the coil excited whereby the secondary core maintains the primary core in its positionoi attraction by the intermediary of-said coupling means..

a second .switch operativelyconnected to said' before the openingof the nrstmennnnd switch,

and a circuit controlled by said second mentioned switch, and vby said commutating device and adapted to energize the circuit oi'lthe primary coil when the second mentioned switch is closed and the secondary core is in its position of rest.

braking means connected to said movement' transmission device and controlling the movement of said core.

13. Electromagnetic means for controlling the.

movements of members to be driven, comprising an electromagnet, two axially spaced movable cores, each core being operatively connected to one of the members to be driven, a coupling rod operatively connecting the two cores, said coupling rod being movable relatively to Athe first core and connected for movement with the second core, an abutment on said rod coacting with the iirstv core and acting to maintain the Iirst core in attracted position as long as the second core is in its position of attraction, coacting cam levers interconnected between the .rst core and the i member to be driven thereby, said abutment on the coupling rod bearing on one of the cam levers, and duid-operated braking means con iected to the other cam lever to control the moi ement of 'said first core.

14. Electromagnetic means for coni c'ling the movements of members to be driven, comprising an electromagnet, primary and seconda.,.r movable armature cores, coupling means inter connecting the two cores to be movable togetner and relatively to'each other, 'each core being opera.- tively connected to one of the members to be driven, a mechanical movement transmission device interposed between the primary core and the member to be driven thereby and adapted to transmit the movement of the primary core with variable torque, and av movement retarding de'' vice connected to said transmission device and acting to control the movement of the primary core, the action'of said retarding device depending on the direction oi movement oi' the primary core.

15.. An electromagnetic power transmissiondevice comprising an electromagnet, two axially spaced movable amature cores, coupling means .interconnecting the two cores so as to be movable together and relatively -to each other, means for connecting each core to a member to be actuated,

Imeans connecting one of the cores to the member to be driven thereby and on said coupling Vmeans for substituting electromagnetic operation of the members to be actuated by mechanical operation.

' ERNEST Ar'HoNsE penurias. 

